{"id":97,"date":"2018-05-30T15:44:34","date_gmt":"2018-05-30T15:44:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/molecules\/"},"modified":"2018-05-30T18:27:25","modified_gmt":"2018-05-30T18:27:25","slug":"molecules","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/research\/molecules\/","title":{"rendered":"Molecules"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%;\" src=\"\/carneiro-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/files\/public_files\/Integrin.jpg\" alt=\"Integrin.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Integrins are transmembrane proteins that mediate interactions between adhesion molecules on adjacent cells and\/or the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins have diverse roles in several biological processes including cell migration during development and wound healing, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. They exist as heterodimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits. The integrin \u03b23 (CD61)\u00a0\u00a0binds the\u00a0\u03b1IIb subunit in platelets, forming the fibrinogen receptor. In platelets,\u00a0\u00a0\u03b1IIb\u03b23 (GPIIbIIIa) are essential for clot formation and wound healing. In other cells, integrin\u00a0\u03b23 associates with the\u00a0\u03b1V subunit. \u00a0Although integrin\u00a0\u03b1V\u03b23 has no catalytic activity, integrins can be part of multimolecular signaling complexes known as focal adhesions.<\/p>\n<h3>Serotonin transporters<\/h3>\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%;\" src=\"\/carneiro-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/files\/public_files\/SERT_cell.jpg\" alt=\"SERT_cell.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) transporters (SERTs) are members of the solute carrier family 6 (SLC6), which are characterized by 12 transmembrane domains with intracellular amino and carboxy termini. SERTs catalyze the transport of 5-HT at the plasma membrane, which is coupled to sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) transport, and also use intracellular potassium (K+) ions. SERTs modulate neuronal 5-HT neurotransmission directly by removing the released 5-HT from the synapse, and indirectly by regulating intracellular levels of 5-HT. SERTs are regulated pharmacologically by substrates (such as amphetamines and MDMA) and ligands (for example selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cocaine), which have been shown to influence behavior\u00a0in vivo. SERT function can be modulated by catalytic activation or inactivation of transport, as well as by trafficking-mediated changes in available transport sites at the plasma membrane. These events depend on the activation of intracellular signaling pathways involving protein phosphatases and kinases and by protein-protein interactions.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.signaling-gateway.org\/molecule\/query\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.signaling-gateway.org\/molecule\/query<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The gene encoding for the \u03b23 subunit,\u00a0ITGB3, has been associated with autism in combination with the serotonin transporter gene (<em>SLC6a4<\/em>). Integrin \u03b1v\u03b23 modulates the serotonin system in mouse models, and also in human peripheral tissues.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Integrins are transmembrane proteins that mediate interactions between adhesion molecules on adjacent cells and\/or the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins have diverse roles in several biological processes including cell migration during development and wound healing, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. They exist as heterodimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits. The integrin \u03b23 (CD61)\u00a0\u00a0binds the\u00a0\u03b1IIb subunit in&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":96,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/97","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/97\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":141,"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/97\/revisions\/141"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lab.dev.vanderbilt.edu\/carneiro-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}